{"id":3662,"date":"2025-03-28T21:14:17","date_gmt":"2025-03-28T18:14:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/?p=3662"},"modified":"2025-03-28T21:14:18","modified_gmt":"2025-03-28T18:14:18","slug":"mastitis-meme-agrisi-mastit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/?p=3662","title":{"rendered":"MAST\u0130T\u0130S (MEME A\u011eRISI &#8211; MAST\u0130T)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mastitis; Meme bezinin \u00e7e\u015fitli irkiltici etkilere kar\u015f\u0131 tepkisidir. Memenin irkiltici etkiyi n\u00f6tralize etmek, y\u0131k\u0131mlamak, kendini yenilemek ve normal fonksiyonlar\u0131na yeniden d\u00f6nebilmek i\u00e7in g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi fiziksel, kimyasal, bakteriyolojik ve patolojik de\u011fi\u015fiklikler \u00e7e\u015fitli mastit formlar\u0131n\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na neden olur.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/fig-5.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"233\" height=\"287\" src=\"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/fig-5.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3663\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>Mastitise Duyarl\u0131l\u0131k Olu\u015fturan Fakt\u00f6rler:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/strong> S\u00fctte nicel ve nitel bozukluklara neden olan mastitislerin etiyolojisinde mikroorganizmalar\u0131n rol\u00fc b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr. Enfeksiyona neden olan, bu etkenlerin memeye yay\u0131lmas\u0131, sadece mikroorganizmalar\u0131n vir\u00fclensine ba\u011fl\u0131 olmay\u0131p, ayn\u0131 zamanda memenin etkenlerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fma s\u00fcresi, derecesi ve s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 da \u00f6nemlidir. Bunlar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, baz\u0131 fakt\u00f6rler, memelerin mastite kar\u015f\u0131 duyarl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rarak, enfeksiyonun olu\u015fmas\u0131na yard\u0131m ederler. Mastitis predispozisyon fakt\u00f6rleri olarak bilinen bu fakt\u00f6rler, ineklerin fizyolojik ve memenin anatomik yap\u0131 fakt\u00f6rleri, besleme, bar\u0131nma, iklim ve sa\u011f\u0131m ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7ine alan \u00e7evresel fakt\u00f6rler olarak \u00f6zetlenebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/mastitis1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"866\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/mastitis1-866x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3664\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/mastitis1-866x1024.png 866w, https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/mastitis1-254x300.png 254w, https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/mastitis1-768x908.png 768w, https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/mastitis1.png 919w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 866px) 100vw, 866px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp; <strong>1) Fizyolojik Fakt\u00f6rler:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp; Ya\u015f ve Laktasyon d\u00f6nemi: S\u00fct ineklerinde ya\u015f\u0131n ilerlemesi meme dokusunun do\u011fal direncini azaltarak, di\u011fer fakt\u00f6rlerle birlikte mastitise duyarl\u0131l\u0131k olu\u015fturur. \u0130neklerde normal ductus papillaris, bakterilerin memeye girmesini engellemektedir. Ya\u015f ile birlikte ductus papillaris, bu \u00f6zelli\u011fini yitirmektedir. Ya\u015f\u0131n ilerlemesi ile birlikte meme sfinkterleri gev\u015fer ve bu nedenle mastitis insidensi artar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp; Mastitisler laktasyonun her d\u00f6neminde g\u00f6r\u00fclmekle beraber, en s\u0131k olarak kuru d\u00f6nemde, memelerin aktif olarak k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc involusyon, kolostrogenezis ve laktasyonun erken d\u00f6nemlerinde \u015fekillenmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00a0\u00a0 Sa\u011f\u0131m \u00d6zelli\u011fi: Mastitisler, mikroorganizmalar\u0131n meme ba\u015f\u0131 kanal\u0131 ile meme dokusuna ula\u015fmalar\u0131 sonucu \u015fekillenir. Bu nedenle, iki sa\u011f\u0131m aras\u0131nda meme ba\u015f\u0131 kapanarak mikroorganizmalar\u0131n giri\u015fine engel olur. Bu \u00f6zelli\u011finden dolay\u0131 bakterilerin memeye giri\u015finde sfinterin \u00f6nemli rol\u00fc vard\u0131r. Mastitis, kolay sa\u011f\u0131lan meme loplar\u0131nda, zor sa\u011f\u0131lanlarara oranla, daha fazla ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp; S\u00fct Verimi:S\u00fct verimi artt\u0131k\u00e7a, mastitis rastlant\u0131s\u0131 da artmaktad\u0131r. Bu nedenle s\u00fct veriminin en y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu laktasyonun ikinci ay\u0131nda, akut mastitis insidensinde art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/inflamed-udder.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"289\" height=\"217\" src=\"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/inflamed-udder.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3665\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00a0\u00a0<strong> Irk:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp; <strong>2) Anatomik Fakt\u00f6rler:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp; Meme ve Meme Ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131n Anatomik ve Morfolojik Yap\u0131s\u0131: Meme ve meme ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ve de meme ba\u015f\u0131 kanal\u0131n\u0131n baz\u0131 bozukluklar\u0131, etkenin memelere kolonize olmas\u0131na ve meme i\u00e7ine girmesine yard\u0131m etmektedir. B\u00fcy\u00fck, sark\u0131k, gev\u015fek memeler meme ba\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n yere de\u011fmesinden \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc yaralanmaya daha duyarl\u0131d\u0131r. Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, konik bi\u00e7imli meme ba\u015f\u0131 bulunan ineklerde, silindirik meme ba\u015flar\u0131na oranla daha fazla mastitis g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Meme ve meme ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131n&nbsp; \u015fekli ve bi\u00e7imi ile birlikte, meme ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131n uzunlu\u011fu, \u00e7ap\u0131da masittis g\u00f6r\u00fclmesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp; Mastitise dayan\u0131kl\u0131 ineklerin se\u00e7ilmesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda; meme ba\u015f\u0131 yer uzakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 40 cm\u2019den&nbsp; fazla, meme ba\u015f\u0131 uzunlu\u011fu 6,5 cm\u2019den k\u0131sa, sa\u011fr\u0131 yer uzakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n 134 cm\u2019 den y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131na dikkat edilir. Meme ba\u015f\u0131 kanal \u00e7ap\u0131 artt\u0131k\u00e7a, enfeksiyon olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 artmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp; Meme ve Meme Ba\u015f\u0131 Yaralar\u0131: Memelerin do\u011fmasal anatomik bozukluklar\u0131 yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, meme ve meme ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131n sonradan olu\u015fan travma ve yaralanmalar\u0131 da memeyi mastitise duyarl\u0131 k\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/VT4624-Baxter-Udder.webp\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"597\" src=\"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/VT4624-Baxter-Udder.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3666\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/VT4624-Baxter-Udder.webp 1000w, https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/VT4624-Baxter-Udder-300x179.webp 300w, https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/VT4624-Baxter-Udder-768x458.webp 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp; <strong>3) \u00c7evresel Fakt\u00f6rler:<\/strong> Hava ko\u015fullar\u0131 ile mastitis aras\u0131nda bir ili\u015fki kurulmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle klinik mastitis insidensinde, yaz aylar\u0131nda bir art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp; <strong>4)<\/strong> <strong>Ah\u0131r ve Bar\u0131na\u011fa Ba\u011fl\u0131 Fakt\u00f6rler<\/strong>: Ah\u0131r ve bar\u0131naklar\u0131n yap\u0131s\u0131, b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, \u015fekli, yatakl\u0131k olarak kullan\u0131lan maderdin tipleri, havaland\u0131rma, \u0131\u015f\u0131kland\u0131rma memeleri bakteriyel enfeksiyonlara kar\u015f\u0131 duyarl\u0131 k\u0131lan fakt\u00f6rlerdendir. \u0130neklerin ba\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 birbirinden ayr\u0131 b\u00f6lmeler geni\u015f ve yerince uzun olmal\u0131d\u0131r. E\u011fer bu geni\u015flik ve uzunluk yeterli olmazsa, inekler yat\u0131p kalkarken birbirlerinin meme ba\u015flar\u0131na basarlar ve bu durumda mastitise duyarl\u0131l\u0131k olu\u015fturur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp; Ah\u0131r ve bar\u0131naklar\u0131n zemini d\u00fczg\u00fcn ve ayn\u0131&nbsp;zamanda da idrar olu\u011funa do\u011fru hafif\u00e7e e\u011fimli olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, ineklerin ayaklar\u0131 kaymamas\u0131 i\u00e7in, beton zeminin \u00e7ok kaygan olmamas\u0131, \u00fczerine yatakl\u0131k olarak tah\u0131l saplar\u0131n\u0131n serpilmesi gereklidir. Ancak ah\u0131r ve bar\u0131naklarda uzun s\u00fcre de\u011fi\u015ftirilmemi\u015f, pis, \u0131slak ve memeleri taban\u0131n so\u011fuk etkisinden yeterince korumayan sap-saman gibi yatakl\u0131klar bakterilerin \u00fcremesine ve mastitis olu\u015fumuna yard\u0131m ederler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp; Ah\u0131rlardaki havaland\u0131rman\u0131n yetersiz olmas\u0131, mastitislere kar\u015f\u0131 duyarl\u0131l\u0131k olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Bu bilgiler \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ah\u0131r ve basr\u0131naklar\u0131n ayd\u0131nl\u0131k, havadar, cereyans\u0131z, yeterince b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckte olmas\u0131, zemine bol altl\u0131k serilmesi, ineklerin gezinti yerlerinin d\u00fczg\u00fcn olmas\u0131 meme enfeksiyonlar\u0131nda \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azalmalara yol a\u00e7acakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp; <strong>5) Beslenme<\/strong>: Beslenme a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6zellikle rasyonlar\u0131n dengeli olmas\u0131 g\u00f6zetilmeli ve mutlaka ineklere kuru d\u00f6nemde selenyum ve E vitamini takviyesi yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Her iki madde de, meme dokusunu oksidatif y\u0131k\u0131lmamaya kar\u015f\u0131 korumakta ve fagositik aktiviteyi art\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca kuru d\u00f6nemin sonlar\u0131nda inekler konsantre yemlerle beslenmemelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp; Rasyonlardaki tuz ve bikarbonat i\u00e7eri\u011fi y\u00fcksek ise, meme \u00f6demi riski artmakta ve sonu\u00e7ta mastitise duyarl\u0131l\u0131k \u015fekillenmektedir. Bu nedenle i laktasyondan birka\u00e7 hafta \u00f6nce, rasyondaki katyon\/anyon dengesi iyi ayarlanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/mastitis-prevention-tips-mount-vets-farm-vet-practice-teat-dip.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/mastitis-prevention-tips-mount-vets-farm-vet-practice-teat-dip.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3667\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/mastitis-prevention-tips-mount-vets-farm-vet-practice-teat-dip.jpg 800w, https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/mastitis-prevention-tips-mount-vets-farm-vet-practice-teat-dip-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/mastitis-prevention-tips-mount-vets-farm-vet-practice-teat-dip-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/mastitis-prevention-tips-mount-vets-farm-vet-practice-teat-dip-768x768.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp; <strong>6) Sa\u011f\u0131m \u015eekli<\/strong>: Sa\u011f\u0131m ile mastitis \u00e7ok yak\u0131ndan ili\u015fkilidir. Tam ve do\u011fru yap\u0131lmayan sa\u011f\u0131mdan sonra memelerde zedelenme ve yaralanma riski artar, mastitits i\u00e7in uygun ko\u015fullar olu\u015fur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp; Meme dokusu, kapal\u0131 bir sistem olup, buraya bakterilerin girmesine engel olan anatomik ve fizyolojik engellere sahiptir. Bu nedenlerden \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc kendini, mastitise kar\u015f\u0131 koruyabilmektedir. Oysa, sa\u011f\u0131m esnas\u0131nda, anatomik ve fizyolojik yap\u0131lar olduk\u00e7a zorlanmakta ve meme ba\u015f\u0131 sfinkteri k\u0131smen gev\u015femektedir. Bu durum, mikroorganizmalar\u0131n memeye giri\u015fini kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Mastitis a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, gerek elle gerekse makinal\u0131 sa\u011f\u0131mda, s\u00fct\u00fcn indirilmesi mutlaka uyar\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Aksi taktirde, memede kalan s\u00fct, her iki sa\u011f\u0131m seklinde de, memelerde travmaya yol a\u00e7arak mastitislere neden olmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp; Makinal\u0131 sa\u011f\u0131mda, makine yap\u0131 ve fonksiyon bozukluklar\u0131 mastitislere duyarl\u0131l\u0131k olu\u015fturur. Kullan\u0131lan sa\u011f\u0131m ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7 y\u00fczeyleri yumu\u015fak lastik ile kapl\u0131 olmal\u0131, kullan\u0131lan lastik materyal dezenfektan maddelerden zarar g\u00f6rmemeli, memeye kolayca uygulanmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7atlayan ve k\u0131r\u0131lan k\u0131s\u0131mlar hemen de\u011fi\u015ftirilmelidir.&nbsp; Aksi takdirde sa\u011f\u0131m esnas\u0131nda meme derisinde yaralanmaya neden olarak, mastitislerin olu\u015fmas\u0131na ortam haz\u0131rlar. Bunlardan ba\u015fka, sa\u011f\u0131m ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131 memeye uygun yerle\u015ftirilmeli ve sa\u011f\u0131m biter bitmez hemen \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc memede s\u00fct varken vakum sadece meme ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f deli\u011fini etkiledi\u011fi halde, s\u00fct kalmay\u0131nca mukozay\u0131 zedeler ve enfeksiyona duyarl\u0131l\u0131k olu\u015fturur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp; Makinal\u0131 sa\u011f\u0131mda, memeye uygulanan vakum ile mastitis aras\u0131nda yak\u0131n bir ili\u015fki vard\u0131r. Sa\u011f\u0131m makinalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 vakum d\u00fczeyi 25.4-27.9 cm\/Hg bas\u0131nc\u0131 ile 34.5-40.6 cm\/Hg bas\u0131nc\u0131 aras\u0131nda olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Y\u00fcksek vakum, meme ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ve dokusunu a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde gerer ve meme ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011f\u0131m ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7ine \u00e7eker. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck vakumda, sa\u011f\u0131m yava\u015flar ve meme ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 daha uzun s\u00fcre emme etkisi alt\u0131nda kalmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7ar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp; Meme ba\u015f\u0131na uygulanan pulzasyon ile mastitis aras\u0131nda \u00f6nemli ili\u015fki vard\u0131r. Pulzasyon sikluslar\u0131n\u0131n, sa\u011f\u0131m makinalar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6re, dakikada 48-120 aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015febilir. Pulzasyon h\u0131z\u0131 ise bir dakikadaki pulzasyon say\u0131s\u0131 demektir.&nbsp; Pulzasyon h\u0131z\u0131 pulzat\u00f6rce ayarlanmakta ve 40-70 aras\u0131nda ortalama 50\u2019dir. \u00c7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck pulzasyon h\u0131z\u0131 meme ba\u015flar\u0131nda dola\u015f\u0131m yetersizli\u011fine ve sonu\u00e7ta a\u011fr\u0131ya neden olur. Pulzasyon h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131, ductus papillarisi zorlar ve onun bakteri giri\u015fini engelleyici g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc yitirmesine neden olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp; Mastitis ile sa\u011f\u0131m evresinin, dinlenme evresine oran\u0131 olan pulzasyon oran\u0131 aras\u0131nda ili\u015fki vard\u0131r. Pulzasyon oran\u0131, sa\u011f\u0131m h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 etkileyen bir fakt\u00f6rd\u00fcr. Sa\u011f\u0131m makinalar\u0131nda bu oran 50\/50, 60\/40, 70\/30 \u2018dur. Pulzasyon oran\u0131n\u0131n fazla olmas\u0131, meme ba\u015f\u0131nda konjesyona ba\u011fl\u0131 mastitis olu\u015fturur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp; Ayr\u0131ca ister makinal\u0131 isterse elle sa\u011f\u0131m y\u00f6ntemlerinde memelerin temizli\u011fi ve sa\u011f\u0131m \u00f6ncesi ve sa\u011f\u0131m sonras\u0131 uygulanan hijyenik \u00f6nlemler ile mastitislerin olu\u015fmas\u0131 aras\u0131nda ili\u015fki vard\u0131r. Uygun bir sa\u011f\u0131m \u00f6ncesi ve sa\u011f\u0131m sonras\u0131 dezenfektan sol\u00fcsyonu kullanmak mastitis ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fma oranlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azaltmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle sa\u011f\u0131m makinalar\u0131, sa\u011f\u0131m sonras\u0131nda etkili temizleyiciler ile temizlenmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/foremilk-stripping-03dde7c6-1567-4307-b11b019a1d36b9f6-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/foremilk-stripping-03dde7c6-1567-4307-b11b019a1d36b9f6-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3668\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/foremilk-stripping-03dde7c6-1567-4307-b11b019a1d36b9f6-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/foremilk-stripping-03dde7c6-1567-4307-b11b019a1d36b9f6-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/foremilk-stripping-03dde7c6-1567-4307-b11b019a1d36b9f6-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/foremilk-stripping-03dde7c6-1567-4307-b11b019a1d36b9f6-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/foremilk-stripping-03dde7c6-1567-4307-b11b019a1d36b9f6-2048x1365.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>Mastitis Tan\u0131m\u0131 ve S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp; Mastitis, meme yang\u0131s\u0131, genel olarak, memenin deriyi i\u00e7ermeyen grand\u00fcler dokusunun yang\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. K\u0131saca, meme dokusunun irritan etkilere yan\u0131t\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mlanan mastitis, meme dokusunda ve s\u00fctte yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fikliklere g\u00f6re; klinik ve subklinik mastitisler olarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp; Klinik Mastitisler: Klinik mastitisler, gerek meme dokusunda gerekse s\u00fctte g\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir de\u011fi\u015fikliklerin oldu\u011fu mastitislerdir. Meme dokusunda \u015fi\u015flik, a\u011fr\u0131, k\u0131zar\u0131kl\u0131k ve s\u00fct veriminde azalma vard\u0131r. Bazen bir veya birden fazla meme dokusunda, s\u00fct \u00fcretimi tamamen durmu\u015f olabilir. S\u00fctte renk de\u011fi\u015fimleri, koku, sulanma, p\u0131ht\u0131 ve flakonlar g\u00f6r\u00fclebilmektedir. Enfeksiyonun \u015fiddetine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak genel durumda bozulabilmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp; Klinik mastittisler olgunun s\u00fcresine g\u00f6re; Perakut, Akut, Subakut, Kronik mastitis olmak \u00fczere s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp; Subklinik Mastitisler: Enfeksiyon etkenlerinin meme dokusunda bulunmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n, memede ve s\u00fctte g\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir, bir bozuklu\u011fun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 mastitis \u015feklidir. Kolay tan\u0131nmad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in s\u00fcr\u00fc i\u00e7ersinde s\u00fcrhatle yay\u0131l\u0131rlar ve bu nedenle \u00fczerinde \u00f6nemle durulmas\u0131 gerekli bir olgudur. S\u00fct\u00e7\u00fc inek i\u015fletmelerinde olduk\u00e7a b\u00fcy\u00fck ekonumik kay\u0131plara yol a\u00e7an mastitislerde, kayb\u0131n %70\u2019i subklinik mastitislere ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/images-15.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"225\" height=\"225\" src=\"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/images-15.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3669\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/images-15.jpg 225w, https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/images-15-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 225px) 100vw, 225px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>Etiyolojisi:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp; Mastitise neden olan mikroorganizmalar;&nbsp; Kontagiy\u00f6z, \u00c7evresel, F\u0131rsat\u00e7\u0131&nbsp; ve di\u011fer etkenler diye 4 grupta incelenmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp; Kontagiy\u00f6z Mikroorganizmalar: Kontagiy\u00f6z etkenlerin kayna\u011f\u0131 enfekte memeler olup, fiziksel temaslarla ta\u015f\u0131nmaktad\u0131r. Bu mikroorganizmalar s\u00fcr\u00fc i\u00e7inde, sa\u011f\u0131m hijyenine dikkat edilmemesi durumunda yay\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu grup mikroorganizmalar meme i\u00e7inde \u00fcreyerek, subklinik mastitislere yol a\u00e7arlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Staphylococcus aureus<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Streptecoccus agalactia<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mycoplasma bovis<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Corynebacterium bovis<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp; \u00c7evresel Mikroorganizmalar: Mastitise sebep olan kontagiy\u00f6z etkenler, baz\u0131 mastit kontrol y\u00f6ntemleri ile kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131n\u0131rken, \u00e7evresel etkenlerin kontrol\u00fc ancak, ah\u0131r hijyeninin sa\u011flanmas\u0131yla m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Ayr\u0131ca, olu\u015fan klinik mastitisler y\u00fcksek oranda bu grup etkenlere ba\u011fl\u0131 \u015fekillenmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>S. Uberis<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>S.dysgalactia<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>E.coli<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Klebsiella oxytoca<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Enterobacter aerogenes<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp; F\u0131rsalt\u00e7\u0131 Mikroorganizmalar: Bu grupta 20\u2019ye yak\u0131n stafilakok t\u00fcr\u00fc bulunmaktad\u0131r. Stafilakok t\u00fcrleri, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 meme derisinde bulunur, herhangi bir f\u0131rsat do\u011farsa meme kanal\u0131na girer ve s\u00fct yapan dokulara yerle\u015fir. Bu t\u00fcr etkenler s\u00fcr\u00fcde yayg\u0131n olarak izole edilmekle beraber, klinik bozukluk olu\u015fturmazlar ve sadece somatik h\u00fccre say\u0131s\u0131nda \u00e7ok az art\u0131\u015fa yol a\u00e7arlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>Diagnoz:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp; Mastitislerin tan\u0131s\u0131; memelerin ve s\u00fct\u00fcn klinik, kimyasal, fiziksel, h\u00fccresel ve bakteriyolojik muayeneleri ile yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>Tedavi:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp; Veteriner Hekiminize dan\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131z!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>Kaynak:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Prof. Dr. Ayhan BA\u015eTAN (\u0130neklerde Meme Hastal\u0131klar\u0131)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mastitis; Meme bezinin \u00e7e\u015fitli irkiltici etkilere kar\u015f\u0131 tepkisidir. Memenin irkiltici etkiyi n\u00f6tralize etmek, y\u0131k\u0131mlamak, kendini yenilemek ve normal fonksiyonlar\u0131na yeniden d\u00f6nebilmek i\u00e7in g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi fiziksel, kimyasal, bakteriyolojik ve patolojik de\u011fi\u015fiklikler \u00e7e\u015fitli mastit formlar\u0131n\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na neden olur. \u00a0\u00a0 Mastitise Duyarl\u0131l\u0131k Olu\u015fturan Fakt\u00f6rler: &nbsp;&nbsp; S\u00fctte nicel ve nitel bozukluklara neden olan mastitislerin etiyolojisinde mikroorganizmalar\u0131n rol\u00fc b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr. Enfeksiyona [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":3668,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[412,10,413,84],"tags":[725,572,825,188,826],"class_list":["post-3662","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-buyukbas","category-hasta","category-kucukbas","category-slider","tag-agrisi","tag-hastaligi","tag-mastit","tag-mastitis","tag-meme"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3662","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3662"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3662\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3670,"href":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3662\/revisions\/3670"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3668"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3662"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3662"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3662"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}