{"id":3613,"date":"2025-03-26T23:42:33","date_gmt":"2025-03-26T20:42:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/?p=3613"},"modified":"2025-03-26T23:43:04","modified_gmt":"2025-03-26T20:43:04","slug":"gebelik-toksemisi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/?p=3613","title":{"rendered":"GEBEL\u0130K TOKSEM\u0130S\u0130 (Pregnancy Toxemia)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Gebelik toksemisi, koyunlarda gebeli\u011fin son 6 haftas\u0131nda rastlan\u0131lan hipoglisemi, ketonemi, keton\u00fcri, zay\u0131fl\u0131k ve k\u00f6rl\u00fck ile karakterize, stres, yetersiz beslenme, ikiz ve \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcz gebeliklerde yavrular\u0131n h\u0131zl\u0131 geli\u015fmesinin neden oldu\u011fu, subklinik ve akut seyirli bir metabolizma hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Etiyolojisi:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

   Birden fazla yavrulu veya yavrusu iri olan gebe koyunlar\u0131n glikoz ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n fazla olmas\u0131ndan ve bu ihtiyac\u0131n gerek g\u0131dalarla ve gerekse metabolizma yoluyla kar\u015f\u0131lanamamas\u0131ndan ileri gelir. \u0130kiz yavrulayan koyunlarda bu ihtiya\u00e7 daha da fazlad\u0131r. Gebeli\u011fin son d\u00f6nemlerinde kuzu \u00e7ok h\u0131zl\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in annesinin enerji ihtiyac\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6sterir. Bu durum ikiz ya da \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcz do\u011furan koyunlar\u0131n enerji ihtiyac\u0131 daha fazlad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

   Gebeli\u011fin son haftalar\u0131nda fizyolojik ko\u015fullar, \u00e7evresel ve beslenme fakt\u00f6rleri karaci\u011feri a\u011f\u0131r metabolik y\u00fck alt\u0131nda b\u0131rak\u0131r. Bu fakt\u00f6rler karbonhidrat metabolizmas\u0131 bozukluklar\u0131na predispoze k\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

   Gebelik toksemisine ortam haz\u0131rlayan ba\u015fl\u0131ca fakt\u00f6rler; gebeli\u011fin son 1.5 ayl\u0131k d\u00f6nemindeki beslenme \u015fartlar\u0131, ikiz \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcz ve d\u00f6rd\u00fcz gebelik, iri c\u00fcsseli yavrular, karaci\u011ferin fonksiyonel yetmezlikleri, hareketsizlik, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ya\u011flanma, d\u00fczensiz yemlenme, g\u00fcnde tek \u00f6\u011f\u00fcn yemleme ve uzun bir zaman aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yemsiz kalma, a\u011f\u0131r parazit invazyonlar\u0131, ani hava de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri, so\u011fu\u011fa maruz kalma, \u00e7ok k\u00f6t\u00fc hava \u015fartlar\u0131nda muhafazal\u0131 bir bar\u0131na\u011f\u0131n bulunmamas\u0131, ileri gebeli\u011fe ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak rahimin i\u015fkembeyi s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131, Rumen haraketlerinin k\u0131s\u0131tlanmas\u0131 ve bunun sonucunda Rumen sindiriminin bozulmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Patogenezis:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

   Sindirim sonucu gerekli glikoz ihtiyac\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lanamaz. \u0130htiyac\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla karaci\u011ferdeki glikojen rezervleri kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Devam\u0131nda ya\u011flardan glikoneogenetik yolla glikoz sentezlenir. Ancak bu mekanizmalar yetersiz kalarak kanda glikoz seviyesi d\u00fc\u015fer ve keton cisimcikleri artar. Lipid metabolizmas\u0131ndaki bozukluk sonucu karaci\u011ferde ya\u011f dejenerasyonu olu\u015fur.<\/p>\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Semptomlar:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

   Hasta koyunlar y\u00fcr\u00fcmeye zorland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6rmeden gitme, sabit bir engele \u00e7arpma, y\u00fcr\u00fcrken \u00f6n ayak ve boyun \u00fcst\u00fcne y\u0131k\u0131lma, suyu yalayarak i\u00e7me, k\u00f6rl\u00fck ve \u015fuur bozukluklar\u0131 sebebiyle s\u00fcr\u00fcden ayr\u0131lma, s\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc takip edememe ve hareket etmede isteksizlik gibi sinirsel semptomlar g\u00f6sterir. Durgunluk , istahs\u0131zl\u0131k, di\u015f g\u0131c\u0131rdatma, Rumen atonisi, konstipasyon g\u00f6zlenir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

   Ba\u015f ve boyun kaslar\u0131ndan ba\u015flayarak t\u00fcm y\u00fczlek kaslarda titremeler, dudaklarda ve y\u00fcz kaslar\u0131nda se\u011firme hareketleri izlenir. N\u00f6bet tarz\u0131nda iskelet kaslar\u0131nda tonik ve klonik konvilzuyonlar, ayakta dururken ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ve v\u00fccudunu sabit bir nesneye dayama, bazen y\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131 sayar gibi ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 yukar\u0131 \u00e7evirme ve dairesel tarzda d\u00f6nme hareketleri yapar. Solunum havas\u0131nda aseton kokusu vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Diagnoz:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

   Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n tan\u0131s\u0131nda etiyolojik fakt\u00f6rler ve klinik bulgular \u00f6nemli ipu\u00e7lar\u0131 verir. Kesin te\u015fhis i\u00e7in kan ve idrarda keton cisimciklerinin saptanmas\u0131, kan glikoz d\u00fczeyinin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc ve otopsi bulgular\u0131 yeterlidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Proflaksi:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

   Ani yem de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri yap\u0131lamamal\u0131, \u00f6nlerinde devaml\u0131 kuru ot bulunmal\u0131, konsantre yem \u00fc\u00e7 \u00f6\u011f\u00fcne da\u011f\u0131t\u0131larak verilmeli. Gebeli\u011fin son 6 haftas\u0131nda g\u00fcnl\u00fck konsantre yem t\u00fcketimi tedricen art\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131, gebelik devresinde koyunlar kapal\u0131 tutulmamal\u0131, gebe koyunlara besi hayvanlar\u0131na mahsus yemler verilmemeli, hayvanlar gereksiz yere  ya\u011fland\u0131r\u0131lmamal\u0131, \u00f6zellikle ketojen etkili ya\u011fl\u0131 tohum k\u00fcspelerinin fazla yedirilmemesine dikkat edilmeli ve k\u00f6t\u00fc kaliteli silaj yemleri verilmemelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Tedavi:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

   Veteriner Hekiminize dan\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131z!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Kaynak:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • Prof. Dr. Yusuf G\u00dcL (Gevi\u015f Getiren Hayvanlar\u0131n \u0130\u00e7 Hastal\u0131klar\u0131)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Gebelik toksemisi, koyunlarda gebeli\u011fin son 6 haftas\u0131nda rastlan\u0131lan hipoglisemi, ketonemi, keton\u00fcri, zay\u0131fl\u0131k ve k\u00f6rl\u00fck ile karakterize, stres, yetersiz beslenme, ikiz ve \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcz gebeliklerde yavrular\u0131n h\u0131zl\u0131 geli\u015fmesinin neden oldu\u011fu, subklinik ve akut seyirli bir metabolizma hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. \u00a0\u00a0 Etiyolojisi:    Birden fazla yavrulu veya yavrusu iri olan gebe koyunlar\u0131n glikoz ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n fazla olmas\u0131ndan ve bu ihtiyac\u0131n gerek […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":3614,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10,413,84],"tags":[791,572,793,792,794],"class_list":["post-3613","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hasta","category-kucukbas","category-slider","tag-gebelik","tag-hastaligi","tag-pregnancy","tag-toksemisi","tag-toxemia"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3613","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3613"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3613\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3618,"href":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3613\/revisions\/3618"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3614"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3613"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3613"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3613"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}