![\"\"](\"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/acik1.jpg\")
<\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\nBar\u0131naklar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1) Hayvanlar\u0131 ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 k\u00f6t\u00fc hava ko\u015fullar\u0131ndan korumal\u0131,
2) Hayvanlar\u0131n yaralanmalar\u0131na yol a\u00e7mamal\u0131, aksine hareketlerini kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131,
3) Hayvanlar yem ve su gereksinimlerini kar\u015f\u0131layabilmeli
4) S\u0131\u011f\u0131rlar\u0131n y\u00f6netilmelerinde kolayl\u0131klar sa\u011flanmal\u0131
5) \u00c7e\u015fitli ya\u015f gruplar\u0131ndan hayvanlar\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131na cevap verebilmeli.
6) Sa\u011f\u0131m\u0131n d\u00fczg\u00fcn, temiz ve kolay yap\u0131labilmesine imkan vermeli
7) Yem depolama ve g\u00fcbre biriktirme imkanlar\u0131na sahip olmal\u0131
8) \u0130\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc gereksinimini en aza indirmeli,
9) Y\u00f6rede bol ve ucuz bulunan malzemeleri kullanarak ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck maliyetle in\u015fa edilebilmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bir s\u00fct s\u0131\u011f\u0131rc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015fletmesinin ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu binalar ve bunlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fcklerini belirleme yan\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir i\u015f de bunlar\u0131n uygun yerle\u015fimidir. Binalar yerle\u015ftirilirken genel yerle\u015fim plan\u0131 ve i\u015f ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 ile binalar\u0131n \u00e7evreye uyumu da g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde tutulmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin i\u015fletmenin zamanla b\u00fcy\u00fctebilece\u011fi dikkate al\u0131narak geli\u015fim alan\u0131 ba\u015fta d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmelidir. Ayr\u0131ca ah\u0131r dikkate al\u0131narak geli\u015fim alan\u0131 ba\u015ftan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmelidir. Ayr\u0131ca ah\u0131r ile g\u00fcbrelik, yemlik ve sa\u011f\u0131m yeri gibi di\u011fer b\u00fct\u00fcnleyici \u00fcnitelerin konumlar\u0131 i\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc verimli kullanacak \u015fekilde belirlenmelidir. \u0130\u015fletme yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fc ile genel yerle\u015fim alan\u0131 aras\u0131nda bunlar\u0131n birbirlerine zarar vermeleri veya geli\u015fmelerini \u00f6nlemelerine yol a\u00e7acak bir etkile\u015fime izin verilmemelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
a) S\u0131\u011f\u0131r bar\u0131naklar\u0131nda yer se\u00e7imi: Yeti\u015ftirici b\u00fcy\u00fckba\u015f hayvan yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fi i\u00e7in bar\u0131nak yapaksa ilk bilmesi gereken konu ah\u0131r\u0131n nereye yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Tesislerin kurulaca\u011f\u0131 arazinin hafif e\u011fimli ve topra\u011f\u0131n ge\u00e7irgen olmas\u0131 olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemlidir. \u0130mkan var ise e\u011fim cephesi g\u00fcneye bakmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130\u015fletme art\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n yerle\u015fim b\u00f6lgelerinin yak\u0131n\u0131nda olmamas\u0131na ve b\u00f6lge hakim r\u00fczgarlar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00f6n\u00fc dikkate al\u0131narak tesislerdeki kokunun insanlar\u0131 rahats\u0131z etmemesine \u00f6zen g\u00f6sterilmelidir.
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
b) Bar\u0131naklarda Temel: Sa\u011flam topra\u011f\u0131n \u00fczerine ta\u015f veya di\u011fer in\u015faat malzemeleri ile bar\u0131na\u011f\u0131n temeli at\u0131l\u0131r. Temel derinli\u011fi s\u0131cak yerlerde 30 cm, so\u011fuk yerlerde 60 cm olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Temel rutubete kar\u015f\u0131 tecrit maddesi ile korunursa \u00e7ok iyi olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
c) Bar\u0131naklarda Zemin: En iyi zemin tu\u011fla ile yap\u0131l\u0131r. Bu ama\u00e7 i\u00e7in haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f tu\u011flalarla \u00e7ok sa\u011flam bir zemin yap\u0131l\u0131r. Ta\u015f veya beton zemin olduk\u00e7a iyidir.Ta\u015f zeminler so\u011fuk tutar temizli\u011fi zor olur. Beton kullan\u0131l\u0131rsa \u00f6nce ta\u015f d\u00f6\u015femeli, arlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ak\u0131l ile doldurulup, \u00fczerine k\u00f6m\u00fcr c\u00fcrufu d\u00f6k\u00fcp iyice d\u00f6vd\u00fckten sonra y\u00fcksek dozajl\u0131 betonu d\u00f6kmelidir. Beton zeminde hayvanlar kay\u0131p d\u00fc\u015fmesin diye \u00fczerine oluklar a\u00e7may\u0131 unutmayal\u0131m. Ah\u0131r\u0131n uzunlamas\u0131na yani idrar kanal\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcbre \u00e7ukuruna do\u011fru e\u011fimi %1 olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Duraklar\u0131n g\u00fcbrelik ve idrar kanal\u0131na do\u011fru e\u011fimi %1-2 aras\u0131nda olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
d) Bar\u0131nak duvarlar\u0131: Duvar yap\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in tu\u011fla, briket, betonarme, kerpi\u00e7 gibi in\u015faat malzemeleri uygundur. Duvarlar\u0131n i\u00e7 ve istenirse d\u0131\u015f y\u00fcz\u00fc s\u0131vanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Tesis kurulacak yer 1. ve 2. Derece deprem b\u00f6lgesinde ise in\u015faat\u0131n sa\u011flaml\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in ne yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi uzmanlardan \u00f6\u011frenilmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
e) Ah\u0131r\u0131n Y\u00fcksekli\u011fi-\u00c7at\u0131-Tavan: Ah\u0131rlar\u0131n tabandan sa\u00e7aklara kadar y\u00fcksekli\u011fi tesisin bulundu\u011fu b\u00f6lgenin iklimi ve ah\u0131rdaki hayvan miktar\u0131na g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fmekle birlikte 3-3,5 metre aras\u0131nda olmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7at\u0131 i\u00e7in s\u0131ca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya d\u0131\u015f\u0131n so\u011fu\u011funu i\u00e7e ge\u00e7irmemelidir. Ya\u011fmur sular\u0131 i\u00e7eriye akmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Do\u011fal havaland\u0131rmamay\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in 22-25 cm lik bir \u00e7at\u0131 e\u011fimi olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ah\u0131r\u0131n tavan veya \u00e7at\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n naylon, ziftli bez gibi gaz ge\u00e7irmeyen maddelerden kaplanmas\u0131 kiremit alt\u0131na bu maddelerden d\u00f6\u015fenmesi havaland\u0131rma a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7ok sak\u0131ncal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
f) Ah\u0131r\u0131n Kap\u0131, Pencere Ve Bacalar\u0131 \u0130le \u0130lgili Bilgiler: Kap\u0131lar ah\u015fap ve metal olabilirler. \u015eayet kap\u0131lar b\u00fcy\u00fck ise metal olmas\u0131 daha iyi olur. Ah\u0131r\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne uygun olmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Kap\u0131lar\u0131n kenarlar\u0131 keskin k\u00f6\u015feli olmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pencereler hayvanlar i\u00e7in gerekli olan \u0131\u015f\u0131k ve havay\u0131 sa\u011flamaktad\u0131rlar. Ah\u0131rda pencere hesaplamas\u0131 ah\u0131r\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne g\u00f6re hesaplanmaktad\u0131r. Ah\u0131rdaki pencere alan\u0131 ah\u0131r\u0131n taban alan\u0131n\u0131n yirmide birinden az olmamal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6rnek verecek olursak 200 m\u00b2\u2019lik bir ah\u0131r\u0131m\u0131z varsa ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan pencere alan\u0131 10 m\u00b2 hesaplanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Pencereler vasistasl\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Yani \u00e7er\u00e7eve alttan mente\u015fe ile kasaya ba\u011fl\u0131, \u00fcstten i\u00e7eriye do\u011fru a\u00e7\u0131lacak \u015fekilde olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Pencereler ah\u015fap ve metalden alabilece\u011fi gibi plastikten de olabilir Pencereler hayvanlar\u0131n omuz y\u00fcksekli\u011finden en az 40-50 cm y\u00fcksekli\u011finde olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Yani i\u00e7eriye giren hava hayvanlar \u00fczerinde cereyan olu\u015fturmamal\u0131 ve d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya do\u011fru olan hava ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 engellememelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ah\u0131rda biriken kirli hava havaland\u0131rma bacalar\u0131ndan d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya \u00e7\u0131kar. Baca olmassa ah\u0131r havalanamaz. \u0130n\u015faat esnas\u0131nda havaland\u0131rma bacalar\u0131 konulmam\u0131\u015fsa yakla\u015f\u0131k 5 m de bir ve mahya a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011f ve solunda olacak \u015fekilde \u00e7at\u0131n\u0131n en y\u00fcksek yerine boyutlar\u0131 25 x 25 cm az olmayacak \u015fekilde bacalar yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bacalar\u0131n \u00fczerine ya\u011fan ya\u011fmur ve kar sular\u0131n\u0131n akmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in uygun malzemeden \u015fapka yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Birden fazla bacan\u0131n gerekti\u011fi hallerde baca kesit ve y\u00fcksekliklerinin ayn\u0131 olmas\u0131 gereklidir. Baca etkili y\u00fcksekli\u011finin yeterli bir havaland\u0131rma i\u00e7in en az 4 metre olmas\u0131 gereklidir. 100m\u00b2 bina taban alan\u0131 i\u00e7in en az bir adet baca hesaplanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bacan\u0131n iyi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in izole malzemelerle kaplanmas\u0131, \u00e7at\u0131 mahyas\u0131ndan itibaren baca y\u00fcksekli\u011finin en az 60 cm olmas\u0131 ve baca ucunun 15-2 cm kadar tavandan i\u00e7eri girmesi gereklidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
g) G\u00fcbre \u00c7ukuru:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
G\u00fcbre \u00e7ukurunun boyutlar\u0131 hesaplan\u0131rken 500 kg canl\u0131 a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bir hayvan ortalama y\u0131lda (500 x 0,08 x 365) 14,6 ton civar\u0131nda g\u00fcbre \u00fcretti\u011fi ve g\u00fcbre \u00e7ukurunun y\u0131lda ka\u00e7 kez bo\u015falt\u0131labilece\u011fi gibi unsurlar g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u00fct s\u0131\u011f\u0131r bar\u0131naklar\u0131:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n S\u00fct s\u0131\u011f\u0131r\u0131 bar\u0131naklar\u0131n\u0131 planlarken;<\/p>\n\n\n\n S\u00fct s\u0131\u011f\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7in yap\u0131lacak bar\u0131naklarda s\u00fct s\u0131\u011f\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7evre istekleri de g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde tutulmal\u0131d\u0131r. Genel olarak;<\/p>\n\n\n\n S\u0131\u011f\u0131rlar -18\u00b0C ile +24 \u00b0C aras\u0131ndaki s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa adapte olabilirler. \u0130nekler i\u00e7in en uygun ortam s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 10-15 \u00b0C\u2019 dir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ah\u0131rdaki nem oran\u0131n\u0131n ise %60-80 aras\u0131nda olmas\u0131 istenir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bar\u0131naklarda havaland\u0131rman\u0131n da \u00f6neminden daha \u00f6nceki konularda bahsetmi\u015ftik. Sa\u011fmal bir inek i\u00e7in saate 50 m\u00b3, bir buza\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in saate 10 m\u00b3 civar\u0131nda havaland\u0131rma sa\u011flanmal\u0131, hayvan ba\u015f\u0131na 20 m\u00b3 temiz hava ortamda bulundurulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n i\u015flerini kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak ve hayvanlar\u0131 daha kolay kontrol etmek i\u00e7in ise geceleri ayd\u0131nlatma yapmak gerekmektedir. Ayd\u0131nlatmada m\u00fcmk\u00fcnse floresan lambalar kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Her bir m\u00b2 zemin alan\u0131 i\u00e7in 2,5 watt varise sa\u011f\u0131m \u00fcnitesinde her bir m\u00b2 zemin alan\u0131 i\u00e7in 10 watt\u2019 l\u0131k \u0131\u015f\u0131k kayna\u011f\u0131 kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Besi s\u0131\u011f\u0131r bar\u0131naklar\u0131:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00dclkemizde ba\u011fl\u0131 durakl\u0131 ah\u0131r sistemi de\u011fi\u015fik \u015fekillerde yayg\u0131n olarak besi i\u00e7ersinde kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019 de besicili\u011fe yeni ba\u015flayacak olan ki\u015fi ve kurulu\u015flar\u0131n sermayesinin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kapal\u0131 ah\u0131r yapmak i\u00e7in t\u00fcketmesine gerek yoktur. Ah\u0131r olarak ya\u011fmur, r\u00fczgar ve kardan hayvanlar\u0131 koruyacak bar\u0131naklar yeterlidir. Genelde g\u00fcney cephesi a\u00e7\u0131k, yanlar\u0131 ve kuzey cepheleri duvarlarla b\u00f6lge hakim r\u00fczgarlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 kapat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, \u00fcst\u00fc sundurmal\u0131 tesisler besi i\u00e7in yeterlidir. Besi hayvanlar\u0131 so\u011fu\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 dayan\u0131kl\u0131d\u0131r. So\u011fuk aylarda hayvanlara verilecek yemlere melas gibi y\u00fcksek enerjili maddeler kat\u0131lmak suretiyle so\u011fu\u011fun olumsuz etkisi ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olur.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Bir hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k i\u015fletmesinde, hayvanlar\u0131n bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 alanlara bar\u0131nak ad\u0131 verilir. S\u0131\u011f\u0131r bar\u0131naklar\u0131 ah\u0131r olarak isimlendirilir. \u0130\u015fletmeler b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fck\u00e7e ve \u00fcretim entansifle\u015ftik\u00e7e bar\u0131nak sistemi artar. Bu nedenle bir i\u015fletmede uygulanacak sisteme karar vermede sadece hayvanlar\u0131n \u00e7evre istekleri yeterli olmaz. Bunun yan\u0131nda hem kurulu\u015f, hem de i\u015fletme a\u015famas\u0131ndaki maliyetleri dikkate almak gerekir. \u0130ster yeni yap\u0131ls\u0131n isterse mevcut […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":3196,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[85,12],"tags":[432,703,212,702,95],"class_list":["post-3195","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hayvan","category-sigir","tag-barinak","tag-bilgi","tag-genel","tag-hakkinda","tag-sigir"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3195","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3195"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3195\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3199,"href":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3195\/revisions\/3199"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3196"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3195"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3195"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3195"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}\n