{"id":2622,"date":"2025-01-14T16:02:57","date_gmt":"2025-01-14T13:02:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/?p=2622"},"modified":"2025-03-17T21:38:15","modified_gmt":"2025-03-17T18:38:15","slug":"buzagi-ishalleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/?p=2622","title":{"rendered":"BUZA\u011eI \u0130SHALLER\u0130"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u0130shalle seyreden \u00e7ok fakt\u00f6rl\u00fc ba\u011f\u0131rsak ve abomazum hastal\u0131klar\u0131 buza\u011f\u0131 hastal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturur. Embriyonal devrede steril olan f\u00f6t\u00fcs do\u011fumla birlikte mikroorganizmalar\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fken \u0131s\u0131 ve cevre fakt\u00f6rlerinin bulundu\u011fu bir ortamda kendini bulur. Yeni do\u011fan buza\u011f\u0131larda beden s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenleyen reg\u00fclasyon mekanizmalar\u0131 hen\u00fcz iyi geli\u015fmemi\u015f lokal yang\u0131 reaksiyonlar\u0131 ve ve baz\u0131 nonspesifik savunma mekanizmalar\u0131 aktif de\u011fildir. Mukozalar\u0131n permeabiliteleri y\u00fcksektir.<\/p>\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Etiyoloji ve Patagonez:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

   Enfeksiy\u00f6z (bakteri,virus,mantar,parazit) ve nonenfeksiy\u00f6z (alimenter,toksik,alerjik.stres) nedenler veya bu ikisinin kombinasyonu s\u00f6z konusudur.Uygunsuz bak\u0131m ve besleme \u015fartlar\u0131 enfeksiy\u00f6z ajanlar\u0131n hastal\u0131k yapmas\u0131na zemin haz\u0131rlar.Genellikle virus enfeksiyonlar\u0131 bakterilere \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck eder.Lokal mukoza ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli olan IgA kolostrumla al\u0131nmazsa \u00f6zellikle koliler kal\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131rsaktan ince ba\u011f\u0131rsa\u011fa do\u011fru ge\u00e7i\u015f yaparak oradaki s\u00fct asidi bakterileriyle enterokoklar\u0131n yerini alarak hastal\u0131k olu\u015fturur.G\u0131daya ba\u011fl\u0131 isallerde olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemlidir.\u0130\u00e7ilen s\u00fct\u00fcn p\u0131ht\u0131la\u015fma ve transportundaki problemler,protein,ya\u011f,ve karbonhidrat sindirimindeki rahats\u0131zl\u0131klar ba\u015fl\u0131ca fakt\u00f6rlerdir.Buza\u011f\u0131lar ilk d\u00f6rt haftal\u0131k ya\u015fta karbonhidratlardan sadece gilikoz ve laktozu de\u011ferlendirirler.Bu maddeler y\u00fcksek oranda verildi\u011finde ishale neden olur.Ayr\u0131ca ya\u011f ve doymam\u0131\u015f ya\u011f asitleri oran\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131 ishala neden olabilir.Denat\u00fcre olmu\u015f proteinler,rasyonda bitkisel proteinin \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek olu\u015fu,Vitamin A noksanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ishal olu\u015fturan di\u011fer alimenter fakt\u00f6rlerdir.Buza\u011f\u0131lara a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 miktarda ve so\u011fuk s\u00fct verildi\u011finde,normalde s\u00fct\u00fcn p\u0131ht\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131nda g\u00f6rev alan enzimin aktivitesi d\u00fc\u015fer ve abomazumda s\u00fct yeterince peynirle\u015femez ve Ph aside kayamaz.B\u00f6ylece i\u00e7ilen s\u00fctle birlikte bakteriler tahrip olmaks\u0131z\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131rsaklara ge\u00e7er ve enteritis \u015fekillenir.                     <\/p>\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
Mikrobiyel Fakt\u00f6rler<\/strong><\/td>Mikrobiyel olmayan fakt\u00f6rler<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
Bakteriler<\/td>Viruslar<\/td>Mantarlar<\/td>Parazitler<\/td>\u00dc\u015f\u00fctme Transport Stres Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131kta yetersizlik Beslenme hatalar\u0131 Zehirlenmeler Alerjik nedenler \u0130z element noksanl\u0131klar\u0131 Elveri\u015fsiz bak\u0131m ko\u015fullar\u0131<\/td><\/tr>
E.coli Salmonella Pseudomanas Cl.Perfingens Klebsiyella Pasteurella Cornebacteri Proteus Streptekok Shigella<\/td>Coronavirus Rotavirus Adenovirus VD-MD virusu IBR virusu<\/td>C.albicans C.crusei<\/td>Koksidiler Kryptosporidiler Askaritler<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n
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\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u00a0Semptomlar:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

  Buza\u011f\u0131lar\u0131n diyare sendromu akut.subakut ve kronik seyredebilir.\u0130ntoksikasyon belirtileri vard\u0131r.Gaita a\u00e7\u0131k sar\u0131dan beyaza kadar olan renk tonlar\u0131nda sulu ve i\u00e7erisinde kan.mukus ve fibrin ihtiva edebilir ve k\u00f6t\u00fc kokulu olabilir.Hayvanlar i\u015ftahs\u0131z ve bitkindir.Timpani olu\u015fabilir.\u015eiddetli su kayb\u0131 eksikkozis belirtilerine(dehidratasyon,hematokrit de\u011fer art\u0131\u015f\u0131,kan\u0131n koyula\u015fmas\u0131,kanda metabolizma art\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011falmas\u0131,idrar volum\u00fcnde azalma,nab\u0131zda zay\u0131flama) yol a\u00e7ar.Vucut s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck de\u011ferlere inebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

   Vucut a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k %20 sini olu\u015fturan ekstrasell\u00fcler s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n %15 kayboldu\u011funda klinik semptomlar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar.\u015eiddetli ishalde ilk 24 saatte vucut a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n % 10-15 i kaybolabilir ve buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak deri esnekli\u011fi azal\u0131r ve g\u00f6zler g\u00f6z \u00e7ukuruna \u00e7\u00f6ker.Hipovolemi, hipoksi ve elektrolit kayb\u0131 olur.Metabolik asidoza e\u011filim vard\u0131r.Bunun en \u00f6nemli nedeni HCO3  kayb\u0131 ve kal\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131rsakta olu\u015fan laktik asidin absorbsiyonudur.Kan serumunda \u00fcre miktar\u0131 artar,karaci\u011ferde glikojen azal\u0131r,hipoglisemi ve enerji noksanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olu\u015fur.<\/p>\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u00a0Tan\u0131:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Gaita, ba\u011f\u0131rsak peristalti\u011fi art\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve abomasumun muayenelerine dayan\u0131r. \u0130shalli hayvanlardan al\u0131nan rektal s\u0131vap \u00f6rnekleri ile \u00f6len hayvanlar\u0131n i\u00e7 organ \u00f6rneklerinden besi yerlerine ekimler yap\u0131larak ve serolojik muayenelerle bakteriyolojik etken izolasyonu \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

   Gluteraldehit Koagulasyon testi yap\u0131larak yang\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u015fiddeti belirlenir. Yemlerin ve yemleme teknolojisinin incelenmesiyle alimenter nedenler ortaya konabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0Tedavi:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

   Kaybolan s\u0131v\u0131 elektrolitleri telafi etmek (fizyolojik tuzlu su,ringer \u00e7ozeltisi),mineral ve vitamin noksanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 gidermek,metabolik asidozu d\u00fczeltmek,ba\u011f\u0131rsak salg\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 azaltmak amac\u0131yla sepmtomatik ve destekleyici tedavi uygulan\u0131r.Hastalar ayr\u0131larak geni\u015f spektrumlu antibiyotikler ve s\u00fclfonamidlerle tedaviye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r.Ayr\u0131ca ishallerde antiprostoglandin ila\u00e7larda kullan\u0131labilir.Dehidre buza\u011f\u0131larda dehidratasyonun \u015fiddetini belirlemede en g\u00fcvenilir parametre serum \u00fcre konsantrasyonudur.Asidoz ve an anuri durumlar\u0131nda potasyumca zengin elektrolit \u00e7\u00f6zeltileri kullan\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0Korunma:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • Gebe sa\u011fmal inekler kuruya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmal\u0131,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Gebe ineklerin beslenmesine dikkat edilmeli (ye\u015fil yem, kaliteli silaj, A vitamini takviyesi)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • G\u00fc\u00e7 do\u011fumlarda veteriner hekime haber verilmeli,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Do\u011fumun; temiz ve di\u011fer hayvanlardan ayr\u0131 bir yerde yap\u0131lmal\u0131,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Do\u011fum sonras\u0131, buza\u011f\u0131lar\u0131n temizlenmeli, kurulanmal\u0131 ve g\u00f6bek kordonunun antiseptiklendikten (ila\u00e7land\u0131ktan) sonra ba\u011flanmal\u0131,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • A\u011f\u0131z s\u00fct\u00fc buza\u011f\u0131y\u0131 hastal\u0131klardan koruyucu maddeler ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u00e7ok gerekli, bu nedenle buza\u011f\u0131n\u0131n en k\u0131sa zamanda anneyi emmesi sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130lk 24 saat i\u00e7inde 3-4 \u00f6\u011f\u00fcn a\u011f\u0131z s\u00fct\u00fc mutlaka emzirilmelidir. \u0130lk \u00f6\u011f\u00fcnde do\u011fum a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k %5 i kadar kolostrum(1.5-2 litre) verilmelidir. Do\u011fumdan sonraki 3 g\u00fcn a\u011f\u0131z s\u00fct\u00fcne devam edilmelidir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Yeni do\u011fmu\u015f buza\u011f\u0131lar, emmeyi takiben anas\u0131ndan ayr\u0131l\u0131p \u00f6zel buza\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerine al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6zel buza\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc; \u00f6nce dezenfekte edilmeli (ila\u00e7lanmal\u0131), iyice havaland\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131, rutubetsiz olmas\u0131 sa\u011flanmal\u0131, temiz altl\u0131k sap serilmeli ve 5 g\u00fcnde bir mutlaka de\u011fi\u015ftirilmelidir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Sa\u011f\u0131m ve emzirme hijyenine dikkat edilmelidir. Memeler antiseptikli sularla temizlenip kuruland\u0131ktan sonra sa\u011f\u0131m ve emzirme yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u00d6zellikle E.coli serotipi belirlenerek gebe inekler do\u011fuma en az 2 ay kala 2 hafta aral\u0131klarla 2 defa bu su\u015flardan haz\u0131rlanan a\u015f\u0131larla a\u015f\u0131lanmal\u0131, e\u011fer ana a\u015f\u0131lanmam\u0131\u015fsa, buza\u011f\u0131ya do\u011far do\u011fmaz koruyucu bir immunobiyolojik sol\u00fcsyon uygulanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Ah\u0131rlardaki buza\u011f\u0131 septisemisi (Koliseptisemi) olaylar\u0131, koruyucu uygulamaya ra\u011fmen \u00f6nlenemiyorsa, veteriner hekim kontrol\u00fcnde veya laboratuvardan al\u0131nan antibiyogram (test) sonucuna g\u00f6re antibiyotik uygulanabilir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u0130shalle seyreden \u00e7ok fakt\u00f6rl\u00fc ba\u011f\u0131rsak ve abomazum hastal\u0131klar\u0131 buza\u011f\u0131 hastal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturur. Embriyonal devrede steril olan f\u00f6t\u00fcs do\u011fumla birlikte mikroorganizmalar\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fken \u0131s\u0131 ve cevre fakt\u00f6rlerinin bulundu\u011fu bir ortamda kendini bulur. Yeni do\u011fan buza\u011f\u0131larda beden s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenleyen reg\u00fclasyon mekanizmalar\u0131 hen\u00fcz iyi geli\u015fmemi\u015f lokal yang\u0131 reaksiyonlar\u0131 ve ve baz\u0131 nonspesifik savunma mekanizmalar\u0131 aktif de\u011fildir. Mukozalar\u0131n permeabiliteleri […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":2625,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[412,10,84],"tags":[120,121,433,95],"class_list":["post-2622","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-buyukbas","category-hasta","category-slider","tag-buzagi","tag-ishal","tag-korunma","tag-sigir"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2622","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2622"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2622\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2627,"href":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2622\/revisions\/2627"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2625"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2622"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2622"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veteriner.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2622"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}